Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add diced onion and cook for 5 minutes until softened and translucent.
Add minced garlic, diced red bell pepper, and minced chipotle peppers. Cook for 3-4 minutes, stirring frequently, until vegetables are tender and fragrant.
Stir in ground cumin and dried oregano. Cook for 1 minute until spices become fragrant and release their essential oils.
Add chicken broth, black beans, and corn to the pot. Bring to a simmer and cook for 10 minutes to allow flavors to meld.
Stir in shredded chicken and heavy cream. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Simmer for 5 minutes until soup is heated through. Keep heat at gentle simmer to prevent cream from separating.
Ladle hot soup into bowls and serve with desired toppings like avocado, cilantro, shredded cheese, tortilla strips, and sour cream.
Notes
Adjust spiciness by using 1-2 tablespoons chipotle peppers. Remove seeds for milder heat.
For lighter version, substitute heavy cream with half-and-half or whole milk.
Slow cooker option: combine all ingredients except cream, cook on low 6-8 hours or high 3-4 hours. Stir in cream during last 30 minutes.
Use rotisserie chicken for quick prep or add raw diced chicken and simmer 15-20 minutes.